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Erschienen in:

18.09.2024 | Themenschwerpunkt

Prävention der Frailty

verfasst von: Dr. med. Annette Eidam, Jürgen M. Bauer, Petra Benzinger

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie | Ausgabe 6/2024

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Das Vorliegen einer Frailty erhöht beim älteren Patienten das Risiko für ungünstige Gesundheitsereignisse und den Verlust der Selbstständigkeit. Maßnahmen zur Prävention dieses geriatrischen Syndroms sollten in die allgemeine Gesundheitsversorgung integriert werden.

Fragestellung

Welche Interventionen versprechen Wirksamkeit in der Prävention einer Frailty, und wie lässt sich eine erfolgreiche Implementation präventiver Strategien gestalten?

Methode

Narrative Übersichtsarbeit.

Ergebnisse

Frailty ist als Konzept multidimensional, sodass sich Ansatzpunkte für eine Prävention von Frailty auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen (z. B. Ebenen der körperlichen Aktivität und Ernährung, psychosoziale Ebene) finden. Aus epidemiologischen Analysen konnten Faktoren identifiziert werden, die das Risiko für die Ausbildung einer Frailty erhöhen oder verringern. Die Evidenz aus randomisierten kontrollierten Studien, die die Wirksamkeit spezifischer Interventionen in der Prävention einer Frailty untersucht haben, ist zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt begrenzt. Ausgehend von den derzeit vorliegenden Daten scheinen Interventionen, die auf körperlichem Training basieren, in der Prävention von Frailty wirksam zu sein. Der Frailty-Status des älteren Patienten wird in Deutschland bislang nicht routinemäßig in der Primärversorgung erfasst, was die Identifikation der Risikogruppe (Patienten mit Pre-Frailty) und zielgerichtete Präventionsmaßnahmen erschwert. Einen Ansatz, um Frailty vorzubeugen und „Healthy Ageing“ innerhalb der Bevölkerung zu fördern, bietet das Konzept Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) der Weltgesundheitsorganisation.

Schlussfolgerungen

Die Prävention einer Frailty ist möglich und sinnvoll. Bislang fehlt eine flächendeckende Implementation zielgerichteter Präventionsstrategien.
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Metadaten
Titel
Prävention der Frailty
verfasst von
Dr. med. Annette Eidam
Jürgen M. Bauer
Petra Benzinger
Publikationsdatum
18.09.2024
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie / Ausgabe 6/2024
Print ISSN: 0948-6704
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1269
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-024-02353-w