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2018 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

13. Fetale Programmierung

verfasst von : Evelyn Annegret Huhn, Anke Diemert, Ekkehard Schleußner, Kurt Hecher, Petra Clara Arck

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Zusammenfassung

Lange Zeit wurde angenommen, dass sich das Risiko für Erkrankungen wie beispielsweise koronare Herzerkrankung (KHK) oder Insulinresistenz aus dem genetischen Potential der Eltern entwickelt und durch Umwelteinflüsse wie ein ungünstiger Lebensstil verstärkt wird. Diese Auffassung wurde in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten durch das Konzept der fetalen Programmierung komplett überworfen. Das Konzept beinhaltet, dass ein Stimulus oder Insult während einer sensiblen Phase der fetalen Entwicklung bleibende Veränderungen der Struktur, Physiologie und des Metabolismus hervorruft und damit das spätere Risiko für chronische Erkrankungen wie KHK und Insulinresistenz, aber auch für Allergien, eine gestörte Stressantwort u. v. m. im Erwachsenenalter bestimmt. Das Konzept der Fetal Origins of Adult Disease (FOAD) wurde vor über 20 Jahren von dem britischen Epidemiologen David Barker vorgestellt und seitdem intensiv beforscht. Die Forschungsansätze zielen darauf ab, die biologischen Mechanismen zu erkennen, über die ein pränataler Stimulus oder Insult die fetale Entwicklung verändert, die Zeitspanne zwischen vorgeburtlichem Stimulus/Insult und späterer Krankheit zu erfassen und die zahlreichen Faktoren zu identifizieren, die ein Erkrankungsrisiko während der gesamten Lebensspanne mitbeeinflussen

Vorheriges Kapitel Die Plazenta bei Zwillingen

Nächstes Kapitel Fetale Zellen und zellfreie Nukleinsäuren im maternalen Blut: Genetische und immunologische Aspekte

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Titel: Fetale Programmierung
verfasst von: Evelyn Annegret Huhn
Anke Diemert
Ekkehard Schleußner
Kurt Hecher
Petra Clara Arck
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch: Die Plazenta
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-55621-4

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-662-55622-1

Copyright-Jahr: 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55622-1_13

Springerpflege

Zusammenfassung

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