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Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie

20.01.2025 | Themenschwerpunkt

Physiologische und pathophysiologische Veränderungen der alternden Lunge

verfasst von: Marc Johnsen, Mareike Lehmann

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Lungenfunktion nimmt durch altersassoziierte Veränderungen ab. Gleichzeitig kommt es zur Zunahme pulmonaler Erkrankungen, die zu Einschränkungen von Mobilität und Autonomie führen.

Fragestellung

Welche Veränderungen liegen der Lungenalterung zugrunde? Inwieweit wirken sie sich auf die Lungenfunktion aus, und gibt es beeinflussbare Faktoren?

Methode

Literaturrecherche.

Ergebnisse

Die Alterung der Lunge geht mit dem Verlust von Elastizität und Dehnbarkeit einher. Seneszenzassoziierte Faktoren spielen auf molekularer Ebenen eine wichtige Rolle. Akkumulation geschädigter DNA und Proteine, oxidativer Stress und chronische Inflammation sind Hauptfaktoren. Die Vermeidung schädlicher Umweltfaktoren kann die Krankheitslast reduzieren.

Schlussfolgerungen

Alters- und pathophysiologische Veränderungen führen zu erhöhter Atemarbeit bei nachlassender Muskelkraft. Patienten sollten ermutigt werden, inhalative Noxen zu meiden, da dies auch im höheren Alter mit einem geringeren Lungenfunktionsverlust assoziiert ist.

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Titel: Physiologische und pathophysiologische Veränderungen der alternden Lunge
verfasst von: Marc Johnsen
Mareike Lehmann
Publikationsdatum: 20.01.2025
Verlag: Springer Medizin
Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie
Print ISSN: 0948-6704
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1269
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-024-02401-5