Ist Psychotherapie bei depressiven Erkrankungen im Alter wirksam?

 

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Zusammenfassung

Anliegen: Darstellung der Evidenz zur Wirksamkeit von Psychotherapie bei älteren depressiven Menschen.

Methode: Systematische Literaturrecherche nach systematischen Übersichten und Metaanalysen.

Ergebnisse: Psychotherapeutische Interventionen zur Behandlung depressiver Störungen im höheren Lebensalter sind effektiv und zeigen sich gegenüber passiver Kontrollintervention und herkömmlicher Behandlung überlegen. Effektivitätsnachweise existieren auch in der Behandlung subklinischer Störungen.

Schlussfolgerungen: Weiterer Forschungsbedarf besteht. Dabei sollten auch hochaltrige Patienten und Patienten mit kognitiven und sensorischen Beeinträchtigungen sowie komorbiden körperlichen Erkrankungen betrachtet werden.

Abstract

Objective: To conduct a systematic review about existing evidence for the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions for depression in older adults.

Methods: Electronic databases were systematic searched to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Results: Psychotherapeutic interventions are effective for treating depression in the elderly. Psychotherapy is more effective at reducing depressive symptoms than being on a waiting list or treatment as usual. The strongest evidence exists for approaches of cognitive and behavioral therapy. In head-to-head studies comparing different psychotherapeutic approaches the majority of the interventions did not proof to be superior to others, so far. Psychotherapy is also an effective intervention for reducing depressive symptoms in older adults with sub-threshold depression.

Conclusions: Psychological interventions could play an important role in the treatment of late-life depression. However, there is still a need for high-quality studies, in which especially very old adults, older adults with cognitive and sensory impairments or chronic somatic illnesses are included.

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