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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

3. Klärungsmodelle und Wirkweise der Funktionellen Elektrostimulation

verfasst von : Patricia Meier

Erschienen in: Funktionelle Elektrostimulation in der Neurorehabilitation

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

In diesem Kapitel wird erläutert, wie es durch die funktionelle Elektrostimulation (FES) zu Veränderungen auf neuronaler Ebene, im Sinne einer stimulationsinduzierten Plastizität, kommen kann. In Abschn. 3.1 dieses Kapitels wird erläutert, wie es durch die funktionelle Elektrostimulation (FES) zu Veränderungen auf neuronaler Ebene, im Sinne einer stimulationsinduzierten Plastizität, kommen kann. Dafür wird der aktuelle Wissensstand zu den verschiedenen Erklärungsmodellen zunächst kurz zusammengefasst. Wie den Prinzipien des motorischen Lernens (Abschn. 2.​3) folgt die FES auch den grundlegenden Mechanismen der trainingsinduzierten Plastizität. Somit ist es nicht überraschend, dass sich einige Informationen zur trainingsinduzierten Plastizität und zu den grundlegenden Mechanismen in diesem Kapitel wiederholen. Dabei bezieht sich die angeführte Fachliteratur ausschließlich auf Arbeiten, bei denen diese Veränderungen durch die FES hervorgerufen wurden. In Abschn. 3.2 wird genauer darauf eingegangen, welche strukturellen und funktionellen Veränderungen auf kortikaler Ebene, im kortikospinalen Trakt des Rückenmarks bzw. in den peripheren Nerven auftreten. Hypothesen und erste Erkenntnisse zu plastischen Veränderungen auf Rückenmarksebene werden vorgestellt.
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Metadaten
Titel
Klärungsmodelle und Wirkweise der Funktionellen Elektrostimulation
verfasst von
Patricia Meier
Copyright-Jahr
2021
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61705-2_3